The Portrayal of Female Athletes in Film Essay - 831 Words

The Portrayal of Female Athletes in Film Portrayals and stories of women in sport and film are varied and unique to the woman, but some common threads can be found throughout these films. Understanding the culture of sport and how women are depicted as athletes in movies shows how society at large views women. The perseverance and strength of women athletes in unjust or unfair situations regarding their sport is a very important and all too common theme. Often in movies with women athletes, are breaking a mold or breaking assumptions about women. Such is the case in the three movies I will examine further: Bend It Like Beckham, Girl Fight, and Love and Basketball. Another main theme of women in sport and film is the unifying nature of†¦show more content†¦Her mother wishes she would espouse a more feminine lifestyle instead of doing masculine things like run, sweat, be competitive, active, and play sports and interact physically with boys. In Girl Fight, many of the same issues are touched upon, and a few new ones are added. Diana, the protagonist whose struggle is to train to be a boxer in a poor neighborhood and to live in a world that expects very little of her. The dimension of a boyfriend is added into this movie, as opposed to Bend It Like Beckham, where the love story takes a much lesser role. She has to wrestle (no pun intended) with how to balance her growing athletic career with her loyalty to her boyfriend, who is also a boxer. She eventually has to fight him in the ring, perhaps symbolic of the greater fight she has to deal with being a female boxer in a male boxers world. She also quite literally fights with the other major male influence in her life, her abusive father. Symbolic also because her mother, most probably feeling there was no other way out, felt she needed to commit suicide rather than live in an abusive relationship and in a world with few opportunities. Rather than fighting, her mother gives up, where Diana confronts and beats (literally and physically) the odds stacked against her. Love and Basketball also spoke to the theme of women athletes being required to make the choice between a personal and a professional life in order to be successful. Monica and her boyfriend, bothShow MoreRelatedHow Audiences Perceive Strong Female Characters, Oppenheimer, Goodman, Adams à ¢Ã‚€Â  Price, Codling, And Coker1327 Words   |  6 Pagestest how audiences perceive strong female characters, Oppenheimer, Goodman, Adams†Price, Codling, and Coker (2003) ran a study where they had participants rate strong female characters on a feminine to masculine scale, as well as attractiveness, sex appeal, relatability not a word, and humor on a 7-point scale. 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In the media men are portrayed as aggressive and angry athletes, business men with no morals and lazy, terrible fathers. When men are being portrayed so negatively right in front of people’s eyesRead MoreSports Media s Role For Developing The News And Entertainment Media1751 Words   |  8 Pageslast two centuries. Sport media are one of the most widespread and formidable institution that become the crucial vehicles in the transmission of the social heritage of our society from age to age, which included television, radio, newspapers, books, films and journals. Sports audiences usually experience sports through different sport media as it plays a significant mission for transmitting the dominant cultural values. 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Sport media are one of the most widespread and formidable institution that become the crucial vehicles in the transmission of the social heritage of our society from age to age, which included television, radio, newspapers, books, films and journals. Sports audiences usually experience sports through different sport media as it plays a significant mission of transmitting the dominant cultural values. According to Betterton (1987), â€Å"the media contribute to the ways in which we comeRead MoreGender Stereotyp es In Mulan1673 Words   |  7 Pagesgender stereotypes are portrayed throughout the film. Mulan, the main character, faces several expectations society puts on her as a woman, and breaks through the barriers placed on her by acting like a man. The film begins with women being chosen for potential suitors, showing how women are expected to become wives to bring honor to their families. The movie suggests that all women are good for is bearing sons that will bear arms to protect China. As the film progresses, more expectations of women areRead MoreThe Effects Of Media And Technology On Our Lives1828 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican American boys and men. It will talk about the role media plays in influencing their thoughts and perceptions of themselves. In this paper, we will also touch on the prevalence of negativity on social media, particularly when it comes to the portrayal of African American men and how they are underrepresented when it comes to anything involving their intellect ual capacity. As a child growing up, you soak up everything you see, hear, or come in contact with. Overtime whatever resonates with yourRead MoreThroughout The Course, We Have Learned How Race And Discrimination1931 Words   |  8 Pagesfloor the racism does not stop there. This article really concentrates on announcers portraying African American athletes as being born naturally good at sports to get where they are as compared to white athletes that work hard and are smart in order to get where they are. As said by LeeRoy Selmon and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar â€Å"Second, because of media portrayals of so-called Black athlete machines, people tend to stereotype Blacks in general as being athletic and nothing more†. The whole point of the

An Explanation of How the Internet Works Essay - 814 Words

An Explanation of How the Internet Works Have you ever thought how the Internet works? The research found here will help answer that question. The Internet is a complicated system. There are two main protocols that the Internet uses that allow you to transmit and there are certain procedures that allow you to receive information via the Internet. The Internet is very large and many things have to work correctly for information to get to your computer or to get from your computer to someone elses computer. The Internet is a network of networks, according to Quarterman and Salus and they state that it is the worlds largest system of routes and connections. No one company or person controls the Internet (Quarterman Salus).†¦show more content†¦These packets are wrapped in an electronic envelope with addresses for both the sender and recipient (Scotts Newsletter). The second step in transmitting information using the Internet is when the Internet Protocol figures out how the data is to get from point A to point B by passing through a series of routers, which is the same way regular mail passes through several post offices on its way to the recipient (Scotts Newsletter). Every router that receives the data will examine the destination addresses of the packets and will pass the packets on to another router as they make their way to the recipient (Scotts Newsletter). There are different protocols used by the Internet: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Telnet Protocol. SMTP is used for sending email and FTP is used for transferring files to the Internet. Now that you know how you transmit information using the Internet lets move to how you receive information using the Internet. The most important information many of us receive from the Internet is our email and is the most frequently used application of the Internet (Internet 101). In the year 2000 5.1 billion emails were sent in the United States (Internet 101). Internet 101 estimates that by 2005 11.5 billion emails will be sentShow MoreRelatedRole Internet Marketing1165 Words   |  5 PagesLevel 3 Unit Unit 12 Internet Marketing in Business Assignment Title Marketing Online Issue Date Monday 10th March Hand In Date Friday 30th May Students Name Class Lecturer Neil Gow Assessment Criteria achieved P1 M1 D1 P2 M2 P3 P4 P5 P6 Learning Outcomes 1. Know what role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context 2. 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Yet, in the time period they lived in, they were considered to be geniuses. Also, looking back through time and studyingRead MoreCommunication Across Cultures : High Context Vs. Low Context1143 Words   |  5 PagesTrying to get my thoughts across is difficult for me and I am just now learning how hard it is across different cultures, how a person can be interrupted different ways across cultures and between genders. I have had some experience in communicating with others from different backgrounds, cultures and between husband and wife even. Each person takes communication differently than what that person may have meant. 2. Explanation of the Key Term A society that depends strongly on delicate contextual signsRead MoreThe Internet: a Clear and Present Danger905 Words   |  4 PagesDoes Internet Really Need Regulations? 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Bless Me Ultima Character Growth Essay Example For Students

Bless Me Ultima Character Growth Essay A Religious StruggleOnly a few books dare to discuss the confusion surrounded by a religious awakening. In Bless Me Ultima, Richard A. Anaya, Premio Quinto Sol national Chicano literary award recipient, challenges standard religion and brings in different ideas through the perspective of a young and confused boy. Due to the new ideas that he is introduced to, the events that occurs especially deaths, and his eagerness for knowledge all leads Antonio to question his religious beliefs. At the end of his struggle to understand, the boy reaches the peace of mind he was seeking. Throughout the book Antonio is introduced to many new ideas. The first is the experiences he has with Ultima. Ultima is a healer who learned her techniques from an old wise man on the llano or prairie. She is sometimes called a bruja or witch. This confuses Antonio because in his heart he knows Ultima represents good and not the evil she is sometimes blamed for. Antonio learns some of the ways of Ultima and begins to understand his surroundings. He knows the name of almost every plant and what medicinal use each has. As the novel continues there is a stronger interpretation of Ultima’s powers as she heals Antonio’s Uncle Lucas. This is the beginning of good versus evil or god versus the devil, Lucas had seen Tenerio’s daughters performing devil worship in the woods and in return the daughters placed a curse on his hair. When the curse was revoked by Ultima it went into effect against the daughters and as they began to die Tenerio went into an evil rage against th e powers of Ultima. Antonio was then introduced to the Golden Carp and the story of the waters surrounding the town and its influence, which also allows Antonio to question the influence of god within his life, and the new power behind the carp. The next revelation for Antonio is the myth of the golden carp. Antonio learns about the golden carp from Cico, a friend of his. According to Cico, the golden carp was once a god who loved the people of Antonios town, Guadalupe. The people were not allowed to fish for the brown carp that lived in the river that flowed around the town. These fish were sacred to the gods. However, because of a drought and no food, the people had to eat the carp to survive. This angered the gods. They wanted to punish all the people by death but they relented from killing the people. Instead, they turned the people into carp and made them live forever in the waters of the river- (80). The god who loved the people wished to become a carp like them to protect the m from the dangers of the river. The gods agreed and because he was a god they made him very big and colored him the color gold (81). Antonio cannot believe there is a new god and seeks answers from Ultima. Ultima is pleased that he has learned so much, but says she cannot tell him what to believe for he must decide for himself. The Golden Carp represents all the questions Tony has about religion and morality. Tony’s confusion is due to conflicting forces in both these aspects of life. When Cico first introduces the Carp to Tony, he is forced to make a tough decision, â€Å"Do you believe the Golden Carp is a god?† which he skillfully evades until he has the information he wants to make his decision (106). After the emergence of the Carp, Tony begins to question his Catholic upbringing, and he wonders why God punishes people. This is when Tony begins to set his idealism aside and truly looses his spiritual innocence. In the early part of the novel Antonio already start s to begin questioning his relationship with God. The events that occurs throughout the novel especially deaths has a huge impact on the struggles he has with his religious beliefs. In chapter one Antonio takes his first steps toward his loss of innocence, â€Å"The brown water would be stained with blood, forever and ever and ever.† Lupito’s death is the first time that he is faced with death, and begins his questioning of God. This is when Antonio first begins to have doubts about his religion. Enternal nutrition in icu EssayEnglish Essays

Religion In Public Schools Essay Example For Students

Religion In Public Schools Essay In the past Religion was confined to the state now with religiousfreedom everything has changed or at least started to change. In order forreligion to be in a private school now it is again trying to be in Publicschools. People ask why cant freedom to acknowledge god be enjoyed againby children in every schoolroom across this land? In the past, along time ago children always prayed before class started and before lunch. But things h ave changed, in 1791 the separation of church andstate started. Although it was made clear about the separation ofthe two as late as 1951 some twenty states permitted schools to begin theday by reading aloud a passage of the bible. Bu t that had to stop. People didnt have the same beliefs when it comes to religion, if a familyabsent even believe in god why should their child be forced to pray? Onmany different occasions questions similar to this one were brought up andcomplained about. That is what started it all real big. When complaining, arguing and fighting all started over the silentmoment. In 1978 a few lawyers got together and considered a constitutionallaw. The original law said that public school teachers in gr ades 1-6shall announce that a period of silence, not to exceed one minute, shallbe observed for meditation. This law did not work for long, because itstill allowed oral prayer in public high schools. Later in 1981, theAlabama State Senator D onald G. Holmes successfully passed a bill thatincluded all grades calling it the moment of silence this law said thatthe teacher (was) to announce that the silent moment may be used forvoluntary prayer. Although it would have to be si lent prayer. Even afterthis new law started the lawyers that were opposed to this were trying tosay that students do not have a right to pray in school silently orotherwise because of growing impressions that affect their life. Thesilent mom ent supposedly (forced) religion on children. I dont agreewith that at all, if there has to be a moment of silence then any child canuse that moment however he or she wants, it does not necessarily have to beused fro prayer. Usually the chi ldren who have been brought up withprayer or some type of religion are usually proven to be better kids. Ihave friends who go to private schools where praying in class out loud isperfectly O.K. and normal. This praying in the classroom usually wouldhave a pretty good size affect on the rest of a persons life. Althoughwhen praying aloud it could force one type of religion on a student ratherthan having them have more of a choice of what type of religion they wantor if they even want to ha ve a religion. When there would be the religionin the classrooms. School children not participating in the prayers orthe bible readings (would be) asked or required to leave the room.0 Thishas been another big dispute because the bill of rig hts states that thereshall be freedom of religion1 therefore this means that if a person doesnot believe in god or what ever the instance might be then they dont haveto. This means if you want to have any type of religion you may. Thechildr en who are forced to leave the classroom to stand in the hall areforced to make a statement that says we do not believe in te god of testate (or) we do not believe that prayer should be publicly displayed in apublic schoolhouse.This was all thought to be by mainly every one allwrong, therefore if a child wished not to participate in the pledge oallegiance or what ever it might be they did not have to leave theclassroom, stand silently in the halls, or write a statement in stead theywere allowed to just sit quietly in their seats. .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .postImageUrl , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:hover , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:visited , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:active { border:0!important; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:active , .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3b62516c5317c66a2d5af970de00faca:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: System of Government in the Philippines During Sample Essay Religion in public schools would be good for certain students but thesilent moment is good enough for now. Since religion has been tried inpublic schools and hasnt exactly worked, the groups of children who wishto have prayer meetings with other school members are allowed to havemeetings, groups, clubs, ect. before, at lunch or after school. Religion (in the public schools) can change a persons life3 if aparent wants their child to have religion they can send their child to aprivate school and if a parent does not want their child to pressured in tohaving a religion they should be able to send their child to a publicschool and if he or she wishes to atend meetings then they can do so ontheir own. Religion can change a person life sometimes for the better, but thenagain sometimes for the worse, although the silent moment cannot affectanything freedom to acknowledge god in every school room across thisland,4 wouldnt al ways be a bad idea. BIBLIOGRAPHYSchool Board Bans Open Forums to Prohibit a Student Group Prayer.ChristToday(February 1, 1985) 48-49. Bosmajian, Haig. To Pray or Not to PrayThe HumanistMagazine,(January/February, 198 5) 13-17. Gest, Ted. What High Court Heard About School Prayer.U.S. News,(December 17, 1984) 71. Lewis, C. Anne. Creeping Religiosity and Federal Education Policy.PHIDelta Kappan,(November, 1984) 163-164. Roberts, Fransis. The Uproar Over Sch ool Prayer.Parents,(January18,1985) 55-57. FOOTNOTESFransis Roberts, The Uproar Over School Prayer,Parents,(November,1984), p.38. Roberts, p.39. Roberts, p.38Beth Spring, Can St ates Allow Prayer in Public Schools?NewsWorld,(January 18, 1985), p.56. Spring, p.57Roberts, p.38Spring, p.57Ted Gest, What High Court Heard About School Prayer,U.S. News,(December 17, 1984), p.71 . Haig Bosmajian, To Pray or Not To Pray,TheHumanist(January/February, 1985), p.14. 0Bosmajian, p.15. 1Gest, p.71. 2Bosmajian, p.15. 3Anne Lewis, Creeping Religiosity and Federal EducationPolicy,PHI Delta Kappan,(November, 1984), p.163. 4Roberts, p.38THESISFreedom to acknowledge God by children in every school room across thisland can sometimes but not always be acknowledged.

Toulouse Lautrec free essay sample

Journal of Suzanne Valadon, model and apprentice of Henry Toulouse-Lautrec. pans, July 25 1889 Its a calm Sunday afternoon. I Just woke up next to Toulouse. Hes still snoring, probably due to the large amount of alcohol he had last night. Absinthe in abundance in the crazy bohemian Parisians nights. Toulouse always drinks too much, no one realizes because everyone enjoys drinking every night but I can see hes not far from being an alcoholic. Its going to kill him someday. He had that funny walk when we got home, he looks as a child, with his short height, staggering from left to ight. I know its a subject he doesnt usually talks about, his height. I heard the story from someone at a table one night. He was 14, no 13, when his accident happened. After fracturing his thighbone, the break didnt heal properly and his legs stopped growing, meanwhile the rest of his body kept a normal size. We will write a custom essay sample on Toulouse Lautrec or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During his convalescence period he got pushed by his mother to paint and draw. He didnt spend time with children his age but rather develop his art skills. Anyhow Toulouse never had a good health maybe its because of his origins. He confessed that he came, from an aristocrat family keeping marriage among them. Incest never turns out good. Toulouse has a certain fascination for brothels. We hadnt seen each other for a week now because he was in one of them. This place of sexual enjoyment is its little shelter; he enjoys the environment of love and pleasures. He has become very close to all the prostitutes; he has started to gain their trust. He stays days and nights, watching and painting the females lifestyle in the house, especially in their intimate moments. Women have become one of his favorites subject in his work. Also Toulouse began to work on posters for the cabaret the Moulin Rouge. I always see him with a toothbrush in his pocket to splat on the lithographic stone to produce tonal effects. I am always captivated when I watch him work doing lithography. I see him starting from scratches; he never has a sketch but instead starts directly on the lithographic stone from memory. Yesterday he was doing a poster called Le Goulue au Moulin Rouge, He did different patterns with flat planes placing Valentine the oneless one in the middle, this really flexible dancer. I like how simple and expressive the poster was, keeping a very communicative form. He created a new style, inspired by the Japanese art principally. Japanese art became in vogue in Paris. It has been 35 years that Japan re-opened its trade and they would send porcelains, woodcuts, and screens. Then in the 1960s, ukiyo-e, Japanese wood prints, became popular and originated an inspiration for many artists that I know. When we go out to le Chat Noir Night Club, we get some drinks share some laughs. There are moments when we dont hear Toulouse anymore. He is sketching the scenes; part of the bohemian lifestyle is to incorporate your art in your everyday life. He was very good at capturing moments and people. He would draw the crowd scenes focusing on one or two fgures. Hes always very detached in his paintings but keeps a compassionate ee e Chat Noir Night Club is also a place where he gathered with artists. They like to collaborate and exchange their views. I often hear him talk to Th ©ophile-Alexandre Steinlen and Georges Auriol. Steinlen and Toulouse have a very similar style, and there is a constant rivalry between them for certain commissions. When I see Toulouse frustrated chugging some absinthe I know they Just argued before. However I appreciate Steinleins company; he showed me his new poster for le Chat Noir with beautiful cat illustrations. I admire Toulouse, his wide variety of paintings, drawings, etchings, lithographs, and posters, as well as illustrations for various contemporary newspapers are mind-blowing. Many artists inspire him and he inspires many. What I like the most is that he incorporates the styles of contemporary artists like the painters Edgar Degas and Paul Gauguin. The Japanese art is becoming very trendy and I can see its impact on his work on many elements as sharp delineation, oblique angles, flat areas of color and asymmetric composition. I hope he wont sleep all day. He is supposed to teach me painting today. I am very grateful for everything he did for me. He taught me his techniques, how he applies the paint in long, with thinbrushtrokes and also his use vibrant colors. I think Ill wake him up soon.

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buy custom Language and Identity essay In life one has a sense of identity and therefore he or she identifies himself to a particular group maybe because of gender, age, language or a particular race among others. People will always a have a strong sense of belonging and attachment to a group and speaking similar language makes it possible for easy socialization while on the other hand language barrier may hinder people identifying themselves with certain groups. People have a unique way of identifying themselves and this attracts them to each other, growing up in certain neighborhoods also develops sense of identity and may also result in developing of a language that may be unique just to them. People will always aim at having a positive identity because it gives them the courage and to co-exist with other people freely. In a working environment people are judged on how well they can communicate with each other and not on the basis of their origin or race. Education helps people to have a smooth transition from their comfortable backgrounds such as families or communities. By understanding that we are not all alike and we speak different languages the issue of communicating with a single language that we all understand arises. Language may refer to specific human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communicating with each other. Human language is unique when in comparison to others such as the communication of the animals because it only allows human beings to use an endless utterances from a given set of elements and this can only be acquire through social interactions. Human language can be used in different situations to mean different meaning. Individuals who are bilingual have higher affinity to associate themselves with people that share the same language. Language plays a significant role in helping individuals decide for their identity. Different people may argue that language does not determine much in the identity of an individual but in real sense it shape an individual identity and how he/she relates with other people, knowledge of a certain language makes one free to socialize with those who can understand him without the involvement of an interpreter. Language is not only used to communicate but also to express the emotions and feelings. This research is based on the question; what is the role of language in an individuals identity? Role of Language in Identity According to Benjamin Whorf he notes that language shapes the way we think and our emotions, it determines ones perception of reality while Lionel Groulx says that language is the light of mind. Edward Sapir says that language is not only a vehicle for the expression of thoughts, perception, sentiments and value character of a community; it also shows the social identity of a group. A common language serves as a symbol for social solidarity and identity; he goes ahead to summarize that language retention helps maintain feelings of cultural kinship. For a very long time, language and dialect has been the key pillar of information about identity. During this same period for one to become a member of a certain community it involves acquiring the information of the functions, social attributes and their language (Ochs et al). When one is able to speak two or more languages it becomes a symbol of identification and a way of communication and he may be more privileged than other people. A dialect acquired by belonging to a certain group for instance the minority makes one comfortable when in their midst as they feel they are part and parcel. (Heller, 1982, Pp.308). In todays world, language intersects well with the nature of subjectivity (Henriquez et al. 1984), in the postmodern era identity has been based on several, dynamic and conflicting issues found on a permanent self sense not the individuals choose while in different circumstances. Despite the fact that is deeply based on social and historical backgrounds, it allows for greater flexibility than either of the two i.e. race or ethnicity when an individual is able to express dual identity either consciously or unconsciously by the linguistic choices they make. In such circumstances people will stress their cultural heritage and they base on their language. According to( Collins Kuczaj, 1991)While there exists some limits such as color, gender, ethnicity or the age one can find a deep affection on self-identification and self-presentation, most of them become flexible in a cyberspace. Language increases the flexibility of the role they assume and their personnel (Calvert, 2002). Language attitudes has been studied as an vital area in identity (Cargile et al. 1994), in the past 40 plus years where language speakers are judged by ttheir linguistic and paralinguistic variations as they communicate, this process affects the way we relate to one another but it also extends to the way communities react to people who speak different languages. Language can be described as knowledge and in todays world it is one of the major factors of competitiveness of an individual in the job market. Despite the fact that our knowledge and brains being the centre of development we cannot ignore ones ability to use different languages. People who have common interests all over the world can find a sense of identity if they can understand each other and this is actualized with a similar language. Over time English has proved to be that language that brings people together all over the world and it has been used in conference for the United Nations and other meetings that have brought people from all over the world. The official language is used in the meetings of the United Nations and acts as an identity to member states Most academicians claim that language plays a crucial role in both internal and external perception of ethnic races by those from outside. Most academic papers have mentioned that language has a role in ethnic identity. Although language plays that crucial role, academicians are keen to mention that it is not the only aspect of a minority group identity. As noted above, language is key to identity of individuals and groups as it increases the level of belonging. People are more confident when one speaks the language you understand and therefore you are able to communicate, even the academicians who share common interest and views can identify with each other through the same language. Language plays a significant role in helping individuals decide for their identity. When one is capable to express himself freely, it will have an extra advantage in socializing with his peers. This will makes it possible to choose a reference group and express inner feelings in most efficient ways. Through expressing your inner feelings and emotions one relaxes and becomes more comfortable when in a group and it is true when one says that true emotions can only be expressed through a language he/she truly understands. The whole world can develop first if it can have unity in way they communicate and this has been shown through the need for people to un derstand and learn multiple languages. Buy custom Language and Identity essay

History of Water Management Technologies Research Paper

History of Water Management Technologies - Research Paper Example Water history and its management are of a paramount importance to us. Water history gives us a clue as to how water management policies and technologies overtime transformed the states and life of the people. Stepwells of Rajasthan in India are embodiment of such great traditions in managing the water resources at local level. The paper is an attempt to explore how and what kind of water management technologies evolved over several centuries since the time of early civilization. Early Water Management Devices– Saqiya, Noria, Qanat The beginning of agricultural practices that started after a long period of hunting and foraging has a lot to do with evolving of numerous water management technologies. The agriculture as a means for subsistence led to the digging of canals, wells, drains. That further necessitated the discovery of numerous water-lifting devices as community-based agriculture further expanded in the different parts of world. That is how the devices such as saqiya an d noria came into existence. Qanats built during 500 BCE is an indication that how water technologies started taking forefront in developing agriculture as a means for subsistence. Water Management during Mesopotamian Civilization Initial efforts to control flow of water were done in early civilization of Mesopotamia and Egypt. The remains of those canals can still be found. It should be noted that every city of the Sumer and Akkud dating 4000 years BCE had a canal getting water from the Euphrates River. Mari had several cisterns and had extended collection system to harness rain water. Habuba Kebira (modern Turkey) had Terracotta pipes for transporting water. The shaduf as a water-lifting device from one level to another had its origin in Mesopotamia which later spread to Greece and other parts of Europe. The shaduf usually provides lift of 3 meter and can deliver 500-2500 liters per day (Mays a) Water Management by Indus-Valley Civilization Mohenjo-Daro as the part of Indus Civili zation was built around 2450 BCE. The city had 700 brick-lined wells and it was located in the semi-arid region. The construction of their bath platforms did indicate that water consumption was huge. During those times the city was provided with effluent drains made of brick masonry and stretched along one side of the street with removable covers made of wooden boards or loose bricks. Wall drain chutes were employed so that effluent could flow in a catchment basin. Water management was so elaborate that they had bathrooms in their houses and sewer system in streets. That was perhaps the oldest well-built water collection and disposal system in operation (Mays b). Canals in the Americas – Innovative Water Managementways The earthen canals in Americas are found dating back 6000 to 4500 years in the Central Andean Cordillera region on the banks of Rio Nanchoc River and the canals were used for irrigation to grow peanuts, coca, and cotton crops. Canals in Mesoamerica go back to t he time of 1200 BCE. Water wells in San Marcos, dams, reservoirs, drains and canals were the part of water management system in Morelos, Oaxaca (Dillehay). Water Management by Qanats Qanat fulfilled the need of irrigation in ancient Persia. They are basically underground tunnel taking advantage of gravity flow from the higher elevations to the lower plains. Qanats are equipped with the vertical shafts to provide for lighting and air circulation. The longest (71 kilometer) and oldest (more than 3000 years old) qanat is found at the ancient city of Zarch in Persia. Even today, more than 30,000 qanats are in operation in Iran. The qanat technology spread during Persian rule. In different civilizations, it came to be known with different names such as Karez in Afghanistan